Human Rights of Sex Workers with Special Reference to Amnesty International Policy

 Human rights are rights inherent to all human beings, whatever our nationality, place of residence, sex, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, language, or any other status. We are all equally entitled to our human rights without discrimination. These rights are all interrelated, interdependent and indivisible. (United Nations Human Rights, 2020). Sex workers’ rights encompass a variety of aims being pursued globally by individuals and organizations that specifically involve the human health, and labour of sex workers and their clients. This study draws upon the experience of sex workers in the field of “sex work as a job”  and  their  understanding about Human Rights with  reference  to Amnesty International Policy. This case study tries to understand multiple and interjecting forms of  discrimination and exclusion faced by sex workers, their views about “sex work” as job, their understanding of their rights to leave the job when they choose to, their perception on the need of decriminalizing sex work and  the accessibility of sex workers with respect to judicial system and health care. The study was conducted in Trivandrum District, Kerala. The study reveals that sex workers are extremely harassed in the society and policies relating  to human rights of sex  workers  exist  but the implementation  and knowledge about it is low. 

Rural Credit to Farmers in Kasaragod District and its Effectiveness

 Credit is essential for rural development, especially for farming sector.  Financial  requirements  of  the  farming  sector  have  increased tremendously over the last few decades due to the extended use of fertilizers, improved seeds and mechanization.  Credit flows for rural economic development initially  made  through cooperative societies  have contributed much  to  the improvement of  the  financial condition  of  agriculture  and  rural  economy. Institutional credit has been viewed as an important instrument for serving rural development especially in the agricultural sector. The role of banking institution in rural development in India has undergone vast changes since the nationalization of major commercial banks. The study evaluated the economic effectiveness of rural credit among farmers in Kasaragod district. The analysis on agricultural production, income, standard of living, saving and investment of farmers before and after credit revealed the effectiveness of rural credit. The result shows that rural credit influenced agricultural production level, income, standard of living and saving of farmers effectively. 

Assessment of Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk in an Endosulfan Spread Area, Kasaragod

Present study is an attempt to assess the radioactivity level and thereby obtaining the radiological parameters in and around the Rajapuram cashew plantation, an endosulfan spread area, Kasaragod in order to understand the associated health risk to the residents of the area.  The external gamma radiation  survey  has  been  carried  out  using  a  sensitive  portable  plastic scintillometer (UR-705).  The radiological parameters viz. absorbed dose rate (D), annual effective dose rate (indoor & outdoor), and excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) were calculated, compared with the reported values elsewhere and possible conclusions are drawn.  The values of radiological parameters are well within the permissible limits except the annual effective dose rate (indoor). The study clearly indicates that,  the potential carcinogenic effects and the probability of occurrence of cancer to the inhabitance due to gamma radiation exposure is insignificant.  The results of these systematic investigations are presented and discussed in detail in the manuscript. 

Practical Implication of Art Integration in a CBSE School: A Qualitative Study

Art has its history from the time immemorial. Art being the creative expression of human being now integrated in the education system with multifaceted objectives to make learning interesting and to make learning process proactive, interactive, participatory and more effective in cognitive, affective and attitude enhancement levels. This paper is based on a qualitative study in a CBSE school in Assam using ethnographic methodology to analyse and appreciate the practical implication of art integration at primary and secondary education levels. The study used focused group discussion to collect opinions of teachers, students and parents and general discussion based on available literature. The study result shows that art integration created interest in studies and made the students active participants in the learning process. It also enhanced better parental appreciation and made teachers to adopt student-oriented education methods and pedagogy. As the CBSE curriculum insist on art integrated education from the year 2019, the attempt is a valid model to be replicated across the country in India and beyond the border. 

A Study on Effects of Mobile Phone Use Practice among College Students

In today’s technically advanced society, mobile phones have become indispensable communication devices especially among youth. In two or so decades of its presence, mobile phone culture has been developed in which mobile phones are used for starting and maintaining relationships, exhibiting individual identity and belongingness, claiming membership of a social group and thus emphasizing personal status. The impact of cell phones on today’s youth is enormous. In this regard an attempt has been made to examine the effects of mobile phone use practice among college going students of Bantwal Taluk, Dakshina Kannada district of Karnataka State. The objective of this study was mainly to address the effects of mobile phone on the academic performance, social relationship and health of the respondents. A descriptive research design was considered keeping in view of the objectives of the study. The findings of the study reveal that mobiles have become an important social technology for youth.  Mobiles are becoming a crucial element being part of their life and mobile users become agitated when they are away from mobile phones. Mobile phone makes them secure at their place and thus reduces stress level as they can communicate with others instantaneously. But surely sleep is disturbed as they keep on checking for messages / calls which can be hazardous to their health. The study recommend to sensitize students on adverse effects of over use of mobiles and providing right knowledge on appropriate and wise ways of using mobile in their academic development.  It also suggests that appropriate regulations to be laid down in educational institutions in fostering right behaviour among students on college campus in using mobiles