PEARL Multidisciplinary Journal

Synthesis of Au-Ag Bimetallic Nanoparticles Using Melastoma Malabathricum Flower Extract

Au-Ag bimetallic nanoparticles exhibit unique optical, electronic and catalytic properties different from their monometallic counterparts. This paper reports a simple cost-effective and eco-friendly solution based phytosynthesis of Au-Ag bimetallic nanoparticles. Synthesis of bimetallic Au-Ag nanoparticles was carried out using the co-reduction of mixture of different proportions of 0.25 mM AgNO3 and 0.25 mM HAuCl4.3H2O solutions at 50 degree C using Melastoma malabathricum flower extract. Synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using UV-Vis spectrophotometer, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) equipped with Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) instrument and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). The presence of single surface plasmon resonance peak in the absorption spectra suggested the formation of alloy type Au-Ag nanoparticles. The morphology studies were carried out using micrographs taken using FESEM and TEM. TEM micrographs revealed the presence of both alloy type and core–shell type bimetallic Au-Ag nanoparticles. The elemental analysis carried out using EDX spectrum showed the presence of both Au and Ag in the synthesized bimetallic nanoparticles.

Innotransformative Trajectory of the Pandemic Covid-19

 The data on Coronavirus were changing on daily basis, and it was difficult to provide current statistics for the affected, recovered and casualties. However, based on some initial studies, a few characteristics were emerging for this virus. This paper is based on the review of published papers in journals and news papers about multifaced effects of the pandemic. The review shows that there is an innovative transformation in the form of the trajectory of the pandemic in different spears of human life. Starting from the event in China its spread in 97% of the nations created economic, social, psychological, environmental, ethical and work life issues. The result of the studies upon the pandemic is exhaustive and only selected spears were analysed to arrive at the conclusion of its transformative results and characteristics.

Alternative Organizational Climate, Changing Scenarios in Catholic Hospitals

Changing scenario of organizational climate in the catholic hospitals of Kerala and Karnataka were studied in the context of job satisfaction. The methodology used was qualitative in approach and narrative in design. The paper focused on the subjective experiences of selected nurses and ancillary staff. The objective of the part of the doctoral study was focused on the variables such as; 1) Communication flow, organizational structure and methodology of change in the administration, 2) Management policies in decision making, professional and personal growth 3) Personnel treatment in terms of organizational warmth and recognition and free from exploitation and stress and 4) Job Satisfaction, work group, leadership and communication. The result showed positive and favourable experience from the part of nursing and ancillary staff in both the states deriving an innovative model in the area of organizational climate that could be replicated in service-oriented health institutions.

Pros and Cons of Government Support in Creation of Women Entrepreneurship in Medium and Large Scale Industries in South India

Today, women in India are scaling equal to that of men in different fields of business, which enabled government to concentrate on creation and development of women entrepreneurship in India. Government of India has launched different financial and other schemes in which some are meant specially for women like Stand-Up India scheme which provides loan only to women and SC/ST entrepreneurs. As on 31.01.2020, 70% of the total loan borrowers of Pradhan Mantri MUDRA are Women. As on 17.02.2020, more than 81% account holders under Stand Up India Scheme are women and Rs. 9106.13 crore has been disbursed for women account holders. We can find women’s taking initiatives in different fields but majority of the women entrepreneurs are limiting themselves to small sector. Even though this is help them to become self-employed but focusing on medium and large scale entrepreneurship can help to boost the economic growth. Therefore, the present study tries to find out reasons behind women’s taking entrepreneurship in small sectors in large number instead of medium and large scale entrepreneurship. Primary data using telephonic interview, have been extracted from women entrepreneurs who have taken government support in creating their entrepreneurial initiative. Convenience sampling method has been used to select samples.

Entrepreneurial qualities and skills are essential for industrial development as well as eradication of poverty by means of creating self employment and employment to others. The Central and the State governments are trying their best for promotion of entrepreneurship among the economically backward castes, particularly scheduled castes and scheduled tribes through policy measures and institutional network. Keeping in view the need and importance of the entrepreneurship development among under privileged communities in the present era of globalisation, the present study is undertaken to probe into the entrepreneurial process, problems and challenges faced by the SC/ST entrepreneurs and to make some possible suggestions.

Factors Affecting Housing Loan Decisions of Rural People in Kerala: A Study of Vellarikkundu Taluk in Kasaragod

Housing Finance plays a vital role as an engine of equitable economic growth through the reduction of poverty and prevents slum proliferation in economy. The demand for housing has increased rapidly day by day. Percentage of families owing house in India is 87 percent. The introduction of banking finance for housing purposes is a big boost to the customers and the economy. It is also linked with other industries like cement, steel, blue metal, and so on. The housing finance decisions of people in rural areas are influenced by a number of factors. They also were facing different problems while getting such loans. Interest rate of the loan varies from institution to institution, the period of repayment of loan ranges between 5 to 20 years and some enjoy tax benefit.